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![Unison Unison](https://serveradmin.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/centos-php-info.png)
Image: Jack Wallen is a very powerful, open source server platform. With this particular operating system, you can deploy very powerful web sites, containers, and so much more. But for some, the installation could 'accidentally' wind up with a GUI-less platform (you must remember to select the GUI during installation).
If you're well versed in the Linux command line, that's not a problem. But for those new or newish to Linux, a good GUI would go a very long way to assist the administration process. Data Center Must-Reads. Fortunately, for those that wound up with a GUI-less CentOS server, adding a graphical desktop environment into the mix is actually not that hard. I'm going to show you how to install the GNOME, KDE, XFCE, and Mate desktop environments and enable the graphical login.
It's actually much easier than you might expect. Assumptions For this to work, I will assume you already have CentOS 7 installed (without a desktop environment), you have access to either the root account or a user with sudo rights, and that your machine has an internet connection. Do note, although the installation of the GNOME environment will not require a reboot, to gain access to the graphical login will. Don't worry, however, you can still get to your GNOME desktop without having to reboot. SEE: (Tech Pro Research) Installation The installation of the GNOME desktop on CentOS 7 is handled via the groups option for the yum command.
Before we actually run the installation, let's update first. Issue the command sudo yum update to upgrade everything that can be upgraded. If the update process happens to upgrade the kernel, you will have to reboot to make those changes take effect. Once the update finishes, issue the command: sudo yum -y groups install 'GNOME Desktop' This installation may take a bit of time (depending upon the speed of your hardware and internet connection). Allow it to complete and you will be subsequently deposited back at your terminal window.
To finish up the installation, issue the command: echo 'exec gnome-session' /.xinitrc The above command will inform the startx command which desktop environment to run. This is important if you have more than one environment installed. Starting GNOME. The GNOME graphical login screen. What about KDE, XFCE, or Mate? Should GNOME not be your cuppa tea, you might prefer the KDE desktop environment.
To install that particular desktop, the installation command would be: sudo yum -y groups install 'KDE Plasma Workspaces' Once that command completes, inform startx with the command: echo 'exec startkde' /.xinitrc The XFCE desktop can be installed/enabled with the following commands: sudo yum -y groupinstall X11 sudo yum -enablerepo=epel -y groups install 'Xfce' echo 'exec /usr/bin/xfce4-session' /.xinitrc Fan of the Mate desktop? Install/enable that with the following: sudo yum -enablerepo=epel -y groups install 'MATE Desktop' echo 'exec /usr/bin/mate-session' /.xinitrc If you enable the GUI login (with the command systemctl set-default graphical.target), you should then be able to select the GUI you want at the login screen.
Your server, your way As I say almost daily, one of the great things about Linux is that you can make it do what you want to do, exactly how you want it done. Adding a GUI to the platform is no exception (and perfectly illustrates that point). If you're newish to Linux administration, you probably want to start off your journey with a GUI. Install one of these and enjoy a more user-friendly server environment.
Unison is a file-synchronization tool similar to rsync. The main difference is that unison tracks changes on both directions so you don’t to have two separate rsync to pull and push data on both folders. This means files changed on server1 will be replicated to server2 and vice versa. It’s also easier to setup since no scripting necessary. Setup ssh keys for password less log-in Edit /etc/ssh/sshdconfig file on both server. Nano /etc/ssh/sshdconfig To activate root login, modify the below line to yes.
PermitRootLogin yes Save and exit. Restart sshd to take effect: service sshd restart Now generate keys on both server: (just press enter and do not enter a passphrase) # ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/idrsa): # ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/idrsa): On server1 copy the public key of server2 to the authorizedkeys: # cat.ssh/idrsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAvR4TBHPYjqet8H1xA8zmHorHz h2OPIqYWIqYavRm0x23CtYmz84uhoRYy2F93C2rln7vx8HqHGkOECsdO82xmEdh /o4TLPP/tCYQwbG5VOBcwEmSJYeCawm2h5cZNJHR0IRIgOdQdZRuP1ugl Copy the above string to authorizredkeys of server1. # nano.ssh/authorizedkeys Save and exit, and set the permission to 600: # chmod 600.ssh/authorizedkeys Now to the same on server2. Copy the public keys of server1 to the authorizedkeys on server2. # cat.ssh/idrsa.pub ssh-rsa ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAupfkXZxJkusm1OqPai3sByuwo5wtqIqsc8 yMoKFTjiHjPdpkAdI2XdCHdkPaHX7eEQ6lFZoZHvhs0rYI4ROw/jt+A4r UcFlKeUQPgnorRjeXlleeSciEgEK1xt5vUffpHZ6uVmJL2zv1QOV1U/ N/f8Hgjr/q8NJMOOO3EdM4ZtvsZwy5TiqE34yr96yBCyU8D2/Y Copy the above string to authorizredkeys of server2.
Centos 7 Firewall
# nano.ssh/authorizedkeys Save and exit, and set the permission to 600: # chmod 600.ssh/authorizedkeys Now SSH root login on both servers should be passwordless.